Urban and Environmental Policy Program 

Politics 204
Environmentalism  Past, Present And Future

Spring 2006
Monday and Wednesday 3:30 – 4:55 p.m.
Weingart Center for the Liberal Arts 209

Professor:  Martha Matsuoka
Office hours: Monday and Wednesday. 1:30 – 3:00 p.m. (Room 201, UEPI) and by appointment
Phone: (323) 259-2971; (323) 293-1919
email: matsuoka@oxy.edu

Course Background

The history of environmentalism provides important insight into how social movements have responded to the powerful changes that have transformed (and continue to transform) the world around us. Despite its enormous influence as one of the most significant social movements of the 20th century, the environmentalism of the 21st century is going through a difficult period of transition and possible reinvention.  It is a movement that needs to understand the multiple roots of its past, have a vision about its future, and decide what kind of movement it wants to be.  Is it a scientific or professional movement, consisting of experts who focus on laws, regulations, and policies, and on questions of science?  Or is it a grassroots justice movement, most con­cerned with where we live, work, and play? How do we define environmental issues?  How does environmental action relate to such issues as war, immigration, and globalization?  What challenges lie ahead for environmental groups and other groups working for economic and social change?

This is a course on the past, present, and future of environmentalism. It situates the political and social forces that helped give birth to this new social movement of the 20th century and influence its directions in the 21st century. This course provides the background to understand the significance of the environmental movement and how it has addressed the complex relationships between the environment and a range of other issues and movements.  Specifically, the course reviews the roots of environmentalism and its current directions, focusing on the development of environmental ideas, activism and policies, and the evolution of environmentalism as a social movement. The course will pay particular attention to dimensions of race, class, and gender, examining the emergence of the environmental justice movement and its role in understanding the history, present day circumstances, and future direction of the environmental movement.

Course Structure

The course is designed to be a participatory seminar and involves the following ways of learning: lectures and class discussions in a seminar format, speakers, and films. Students will work individually and also in small groups to develop group presentations and help lead class discussions. There is no formal internship component to this course; however, students are encouraged to work closely with community-based organizations to help define their research papers.

Requirements and Grading

Grades will be based on the following:

1.      Class Participation  (25% of your grade)

Because this is a seminar class, participation and active engagement in class discussions is core to the course and to your grade.  Students are expected to do the reading on time, participate in class discussions.   Participation in class means of course, that you must attend and that you must be on time.

You should be prepared to discuss assigned readings by class time.  Most of the course reading will be found in the books listed below and articles posted on electronic reserve through the library.

2.      Research paper (40% of grade)

The paper (approximately 10-12 pages in length, although it could be longer) focused on issues/campaigns that are relevant to current environmental issues and activism in Los Angeles. Your research will include at least one interview conversation with the organization so that your research topic is relevant and timely to current work underway in Los Angeles.

Key assignments and due dates:

·        Identify research topic: By 2/8

·        Develop an annotated bibliography: By 3/22

·        Develop paper outline: By 4/5

·        Paper due:  May 15, 2005 (Finals Week).  Late papers will not be accepted.

3.       Earth Day Activity and Reflection Paper (15%)

Students are required to identify/plan and participate in a community event/action related to Earth Day (either on campus or off) and its principles and submit a 2-4 page paper on the experience. Students are free to choose their event/activity; I will also have a list of suggestions and ideas.

§         Identify Earth Day activity/event to participate in: By 4/3

§         Participate in Earth Day event:  Week of April 17th (or event date)

§         Reflection Paper:  Due 4/24

4.      Group Presentation (20%)

Depending on your research topic, I will organize small groups of related research projects. In these small groups you will discuss your respective research papers/projects, identify common themes, and develop a group presentation (including graphic and visuals) for the class at the end of the semester.  Presentations should be approximately 30 minutes; with 15 minutes for question/answer and discussion by the class.  Groups will have opportunities to use class time to meet with their group and consult with the professor as well as other groups.

Groups will receive a grade based on the presentation as well successful completion of the following tasks:

1.      Meet together to develop a group presentation.

2.      Develop an outline for the group presentation. By 4/10

3.      Develop a 30 minute presentation with relevant visuals and handout materials. Each group will be required to submit these materials as well as presentation outline/talking points.

Schedule of Topics and Readings

The readings for the course are presented below.  Most of the reading material is available on electronic reserve through the library.  Forcing the Spring and Silent Spring, are available in the bookstore. NOTE:  There are a number of class sessions that will be held jointly with UEP 101.  For these sessions, we will meet 4-5:30 at a classroom TBD

Date

Topics and Readings

Assignments/ Tasks

 

Mon

1/23

Course Introduction

 

 

 

 

I:   Past: The Roots of Environmentalism

 

Wed

1/25

Early Definitions and Traditions

 Robert Gottlieb: Forcing the Spring: The Transformation of the American Environmental Movement, Chapter 1

H. Wayne Morgan: “America’s First Environmental Challenge, 1865-1920”, in Essays on the Gilded Age, Carter E. Boren et al (editors), pp. 87-108

Ronald A. Limbaugh: “Introduction: John Muir’s Life and Legacy,” in John Muir: Life and Work, edited by Sally Miller, pp. 3-13

Samuel Hays: Conservation and the Gospel of Efficiency, Introduction and Chapter 13, "The Conservation Movement and the Progressive Tradition", pp. 1-4; 261-276

Gifford Pinchot: Breaking New Ground, pp. 344-355

Aldo Leopold: "The Land Ethic," in A Sand County Almanac, pp. 217-269

Additional optional reading:

Stephen Fox: John Muir and His Legacy: The American Conserva­tion Movement, pp. 107-147 (excerpts from Chapter 4 – “Land, Trees and Water”)

 

Sign up as discussion leaders for topical areas

 

 

Mon  1/30

The Industrial and Urban Environment

Forcing the Spring, Chapter 2

Martin Melosi: "Environmental Reform in the Industrial Cities: The Civic Response to Pollution in the Progressive Era,” in Martin Melosi, Effluent America: Cities, Industry, Energy, and the Environment, pp. 211-224

David Rosner and Gerald Markowitz, “Safety and Health as a Class Issue: The Worker’s Health Bureau of America during the 1920s,” in Dying for Work: Workers’ Safety and Health in Twentieth Century America, edited by Rosner and Markowitz, pp. 53-64

 

Wed  2/1

Challenges to Environmentalism

Forcing the Spring, Chapter 3

 

Mon

2/6      

Rachel Carson and New Environmentalism

Rachel Carson: Silent Spring

 

Wed 2/8

Institutionalization and Professionalization

Forcing the Spring, Chapter 4

Christopher Bosso and Deborah Lynn Guber, “The Boundaries and Contours of American Environmental Activism,” Chapter 4 in Environmental Policy: New Directions for the Twenty-First Century, edited by Norman Vig and Michael Kraft, pp. 79-101

Research Paper Topic Due 

Mon 2/13

Grassroots approaches

Forcing the Spring, Chapter 5

Brian Tokar, Earth for Sale: Reclaiming Ecology in the Age of Corporate Greenwash, Chapter 9, “Unifying Movements: Theory and Practice, pp. 175-189

Invited Speaker: Penny Newman, Center for Community Action and Environmental Justice/Modesta Avila Coalition

 

Wed 2/15

Meet in Small Groups

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mon 2/20

HOLIDAY

 

 

 

Environmental Justice - The Movement and Challenges to Mainstream Environmentalism

 

Wed            2/22

The Emergence of the EJ Movement

Gulf Coast Tenants Organization.  “Letter to the Big 10,”January 16, 1990.

South West Organizing Project. “Letter to the Big 10,” March 16, 1990

“Principles of Environmental Justice,” Statement adopted by the People of Color Environmental Leadership Summit, 1991

Giovanna Di Chiro.  “Nature as Community: The Convergence of Environment and Social Justice,” in Uncommon Ground: Rethinking the Human Place in Nature. William Cronon, editor.  pp. 298-306

Robert Gottlieb, “Livable Regions and Cleaner Production: Linking Environmental Justice and Pollution Prevention,” in Environmentalism Unbound: Exploring New Pathways for Change, pp. 47-97

“Timeline of Environmental Justice in Los Angeles” Strategic Actions for a Just Economy/UCLA Community Scholars Program. Available at www.environmentaldefense.org.

 

Mon

2/27

Goals, Strategies, and Organization of the Movement

 “Resource Papers: A Synthesis,” Papers produced for the Second National People of Color Environmental Leadership Summit, 2002

Asian Pacic Environmental Network, Communities for a Better Environment, Environmental Health Coalition, People Organizing to Demand Environmental & Economic Rights, Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition/Health and Environmental Justice Project.  Building Communities from the Ground Up: Environmental Justice in California Report for the California Endowment. Compiled by Martha Matsuoka. 2003

Not Enough Green To Go Around: Promoting Greater Foundation Support For The Environmental Justice Movement. From: Green of Another Color: Building Effective Partnerships Between Foundations. Environmental Justice Movement. Dr. Daniel R. Faber and Deborah McCarthy. A Philanthropy and Environmental Justice Research Project, Northeastern University. February 16, 2000

 

 

Wed

3/1

The EJ Movement and Race

Forcing the Spring, Chapter 7

“Why Race Matters in the Fight for a Healthy Planet,” Jennifer Hattam, Sierra Magazine, May/June 2004

 Julie Sze. “Asian American Activism for Environmental Justice,” Peace Review 16:2, June (2004), 149–156

 

Luke Cole and Sheila Foster, From the Ground Up: Environmental Racism and the Rise of the Environmental Justice Movement, Chapter 3, “Environmental Racism: Beyond the Distributive Paradigm,” pp. 56-79

 

 

Mon 3/6

The EJ Movement, Culture and Human Rights

Brenda Norrell. “Policy Debate: Power plants on Navajo land; Indian Country Today. Oneida, N.Y.

§         Part I. May 25, 2005. Vol 24, Iss. 50; pg. A1

§         Part II.  “Four Corners’ Silent Killers”May 27, 2006. Vol 24, Iss. 50; pg A1

§         Part III.  “Nation to control pollution emissions” Jun 8, 2005.Vol. 24, Iss. 52;  pg. A-1

Yereth Rosen. “The Arctic Dilemma,” ColorLines Summer 2005. pp 17-20

Mansel G Blackford. “Environmental Justice, Native Rights, Tourism, and Opposition to Military Control: The Case of Kaho’olawe.” The Journal of American History; Sep 2004; 91, 2; Research Library Core. pg. 544 – 571

 

Wed 3/8

The EJ Movement and Gender

Forcing the Spring, Chapter 6

Gwyn Kirk. “Ecofeminism and Chicano Environmental Struggles: Bridges Across Gender and Race.” In Chicano Culture, Ecology, Politics and Subversive Kin.  Devon G. Pena, pp 177-200. 1998

Celene Krauss, “Challenging Power: Toxic Waste Protests and the Politicization of White, Working Class Women.” In, Nancy Naples (ed). Community Activism and Feminist Politics: Organizing Across Race, Class and Gender. New York: Routledge, 1998).

Temma Kaplan, “Uncommon Women and the Common Good: Women and Environmental Protest.” In, Sheila Rowbotham and Stephanie Linkogle, (eds). Women Resist Globalization.

Barbara Epstein: "Ecofeminism and Grass-Roots Environmentalism in the United States", in Toxic Struggles: The Theory and Practice of Environmental Justice, Edited by Richard Hofrichter, 1993, pp. 144-152

Wangari Maathai, “Women and the Environment,” in Speak Truth to Power: Defenders who are changing the world, Kerry Kennedy Cuomo, pp. 38-43

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mon 3/13

Wed 3/15    

 

SPRING BREAK     

 

 

Mon 3/20

The EJ Movement and Workers, Labor

Forcing the Spring, Chapter 8

Brian Obach, Labor and the Environmental Movement, Chapter 3, “Labor-Environmental Relations in the United States: A Brief Overview, pp. 47-81; Chapter 7, “’They’re Good People; You Should Talk to Them’: The Role of Brokers and Bridges, pp. 203-234

Charles Levenstein and John Wooding.  “Dying for a Living: Workers, Production and the Environment,”  in The Struggle for Ecological Democracy. Edited by Daniel Faber, 1998, pp. 60-80

 

 

3/22

Reflections on the State of the Movement

SPECIAL SESSION: 4 - 5:30

Guest Speaker:  Mary Nichols, Institute of the Environment, UCLA; President, City of Los Angeles Board of Water and Power Commissioners

Forcing the Spring, Conclusion and Epilogue, pp. 389-409]

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

“New” Arenas for the Environmental Movement

 

Wed 3/29

Globalization and Local Struggles

“Environmental Health Coalition: Taking Power Back in the Borderlands,” Globalizing Civil Society from the Inside Out. Bringing Globalization Home.  January 2005

 

 

Mon

4/3

Struggles for Land: Gentrification and Community Building

Anders Corr. “Tactics and Mobilization: The Primacy of Power:” in No Trespassing: Squatting, Rent Strikes and Land Struggles Worldwide, South End Press 1999. pp 145-183

Joselito Laudencia. “Housing is an EJ Issue”. Asian Pacific Environmental Network 2003

 In the Shadow Of Pollution: Southern California Women on the Front Lines. Profile of Gilda Haas, Strategic Actions for a Just Economy.  The Women’s Foundation of California.

Sign up for Earth Day Activity

 

Wed 4/5

Economic Justice and the Environment

SPECIAL SESSION:  4:00 – 5:30 p.m.

Invited Speaker: SCOPE and APOLLO Alliance

Readings TBD

Research paper outlines due

Mon 4/10

Responses to Global Trade and the Environment

SPECIAL SESSION:  4:00 – 5:30 p.m.

Invited Speaker: Jerilyn López Mendoza, Environmental Defense, Vice President, Harbor Commission, City of Los Angeles.

“The Greening of Ships: Can California Stop Air Pollution Out At Sea?” Judith Lewis.  LA Weekly.  December 16-22, 2005

“Ports of Cough,” William J. Kelly. LA Weekly.  September 23 – 20, 2005

“Smog Sick,” LA Weekly.  September 23 – 20, 2005

“Gov.’s Growth, Clean Air Plans Said to Clash” Jeffrey Rabin and Deborah Schoch.  Los Angeles Times.  January 7, 2006

Group presentation outlines due

Wed 4/12

Health and the Environment

SPECIAL SESSION 4-5:30 p.m.

Guest Speaker:  Romel Pascual, Assistant Director, Environment, Office of the Mayor

Readings TBD

 

Mon 4/17

The Military and the Environment

SPECIAL SESSION 4-5:30

Guest Speaker: Gwyn Kirk, Women for Genuine Security

“Environmental Effects of U.S. Military ‘Security’: Gendered Experiences from the Philippines, South Korea and Japan,” Gwyn Kirk.  Forthcoming. 2006

 

Wed 4/19

Making the Connections

Class discussion to integrate course themes across topic areas

 

Mon 4/24

Work session to prep for final presentation

Meet in small groups to prepare Group Presentations

Reflection Paper: Earth Day Activity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Final Group Presentations

 Depending on the class size and number of groups, presentations will last 30 minutes with 15 minutes for class question/answer and discussion.  Each group is required to hand in presentation slides/materials, outlines, talking points and handouts,

 

Wed 4/26

Group Presentation

 

 

Mon 5/1

Group Presentation

 

 

Wed 5/3

Conclusion/Wrap Up