CHEMISTRY LABS

      The TOPS experiments are designed to integrate into a teacher's current high school curriculum, conform to the Science Framework for California Public Schools, and employ a biochemical focus to enhance and bridge the biology and chemistry curricula.  The experiments employ modern technology including computer driven instruments of the type used in local industrial laboratories as well as commercially available data analysis software.  Click the titles for more information on each lab.

Caffeine Extraction

Extraction of biologically active compound from tea followed by purification to isolate caffeine. Uses Analytical balance, Hot plates.

Acid-base titration of amino acid and spectroscopic study of an indicator

Study of the basic titration of a biologically important amino acid and determination of its molecular weight.  Quantitative study of the color of indicator at different pH, using spectrophotometer.  Uses Analytical balance, pH meter, Diode array Scanning Spectrophotometer.

Esterification

Synthesis of isopentyl acetate (banana oil) and study of the product by gas chromatography.  Comparison to natural product isolated by extraction from bananas.  Uses Analytical balance, Microscale glassware kits, Hot plates, Gas chromatograph.

Greenhouse Effect

Measurement of CO2 absorption by Elodea under varying light conditions.  Uses Diode array Scanning Spectrophotometer.

Kinetics/catalysts

Study of the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide as affected by pH, temperature, and catalysis. Uses Gas buret, Micropipettor.

Stoichiometry/limiting reagent

Study of stoichiometric relationship which governs the reaction in nature. Uses Analytical balance.

Water quality analysis

Study of oxygen content of water samples, and changes caused by biological demands.  Study of coliform content of water samples.  Uses BOD meters, Millipore filtration apparatus.