Objective: A clear and concise statement of the scientific problem, its
goals, and the general approach to solving the problem must be stated. State and explain your hypothesis to
the laboratory problem.
Format: All proper scientific reports must
include:
1)
Abstract
2)
Introduction
3)
Experimental Methods and Materials
4)
Data/Results
5)
Discussion
6)
Conclusion
The physical appearance of the
report, including paper size, margins, font size, line spacing, page numbers,
footers, titles and title pages, graphics, etc., are standardized.
Bibliography/Citations: In general, a researcher should include a reference for
every factual assertion made that is not based upon the evidence in the
text. Most scientists refer to the
American Chemical Society publications, manuals, or various scientific texts as
resources.
Type and Presentation of
Evidence: Objective data gathered from
experimentation is primarily used. This section (Data/Results) should present
the major experimental results obtained, including the original data and all
necessary calculations. All
relevant information and assumptions made in the collection of all data should
be included. For clarity, the
usage of tables, graphs, and figures, are pertinent. Tables, graphs, and figures should be clearly described in
terms of the results.
Style: When writing a scientific report, a researcher must always
use passive voice except in the Experimental Methods and Materials division,
one uses first person plural. All
sections are written in paragraph style, with the exception of the Experimental
Methods and Materials division.
The subsection of equipment within this division, allows the researcher
to use numbering only when listing equipment. When writing a report, clear organizational flow with a
well-developed logical framework is essential alongside logically developed
paragraphs. Always be concise. Application of all the rules of good
style is essential for a solid report:
correct spelling, proper subject-verb agreement, complete sentences, and
the use of parallel construction.
Note: Click
here to find a more detailed description of a "standardized" scientific report.
Keep in mind that each member of the scientific discipline have their own
conventions and standards in regards to scientific reports, therefore, use this
information solely as a writing tool.